The Science of Pool Water Chemistry
Understanding your pool's chemistry is the key to a safe, clear, and long-lasting swimming environment. Explore our comprehensive guide for homeowners.
Try Pool Sharks IQ DiagnosisThe Five Pillars of Balanced Water
To maintain a healthy gunite pool, you must look beyond just "adding chlorine." True water balance involves the interaction of five key chemical readings. When these are in harmony, your water is comfortable for swimmers and protective of your pool's finish.
pH Level
The measure of how acidic or basic your water is. Ideal range is 7.4 to 7.6. High pH makes chlorine less effective and causes scale.
Total Alkalinity
Acting as a buffer for pH, alkalinity prevents rapid pH swings. We recommend maintaining 80-120 ppm depending on your finish.
Advanced Concepts: LSI
The Langelier Saturation Index (LSI) is the gold standard for pool professionals. It's a mathematical formula that tells us if your water is "saturated" with calcium.
- Negative LSI: Water is aggressive and will dissolve (etch) calcium from your plaster.
- Positive LSI: Water is scale-forming and will deposit white crusty minerals on your walls and equipment.
- Zero LSI: Perfectly balanced water that is neither etching nor scaling.
Common Chemistry Myths
Many homeowners believe that "smelling chlorine" means there is too much chlorine in the water. In reality, that odor is usually Combined Chlorine (chloramines), which indicates there isn't enough free chlorine to properly sanitize the water.
Need Help Balancing Your Water?
Our Pool Sharks IQ tool can help you diagnose your chemistry problems and provide a step-by-step correction plan.